Checked Exceptions

Checked exceptions in Java are exceptions that are checked at compile time, which means you must either catch them using a try-catch block or declare that your method throws these exceptions using the throws keyword. Here are some common examples of checked exceptions in Java:

1. IOException: This exception is thrown when there is an error while reading from or writing to files or streams.

   import java.io.*;
   
   public class IOExceptionExample {
       public static void main(String[] args) {
           try {
               FileReader reader = new FileReader("example.txt");
               // Perform file operations here
           } catch (IOException e) {
               e.printStackTrace();
           }
       }
   }

2. FileNotFoundException: Raised when an attempt to access a file that doesn't exist is made.

   import java.io.*;
   
   public class FileNotFoundExceptionExample {
       public static void main(String[] args) {
           try {
               FileInputStream fileInputStream = new FileInputStream("nonexistent.txt");
           } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
               e.printStackTrace();
           }
       }
   }

3. ClassNotFoundException: This exception occurs when you try to load a class that doesn't exist.

   public class ClassNotFoundExceptionExample {
       public static void main(String[] args) {
           try {
               Class.forName("NonExistentClass");
           } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
               e.printStackTrace();
           }
       }
   }

4. SQLException: This is an exception specific to database operations.

   import java.sql.*;
   
   public class SQLExceptionExample {
       public static void main(String[] args) {
           try {
               Connection connection = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/nonexistentdb", "user", "password");
           } catch (SQLException e) {
               e.printStackTrace();
           }
       }
   }

5. ParseException: Thrown when there is an error during parsing, commonly used with date and time parsing.

   import java.text.ParseException;
   import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
   import java.util.Date;
   
   public class ParseExceptionExample {
       public static void main(String[] args) {
           try {
               SimpleDateFormat dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
               Date date = dateFormat.parse("invalid-date");
           } catch (ParseException e) {
               e.printStackTrace();
           }
       }
   }

These examples demonstrate various checked exceptions in Java. Remember to handle these exceptions properly in your code to provide robust error handling and improve the reliability of your applications.